Japan / New York
Mariah Carey

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Mariah Carey, född 27 mars 1969 eller 1970 i Huntington, New York, Under inspelningen av skivan började Carey lämna pop- och R&B-genrerna för att istället skapa hiphop-influerad musik. Den nya riktningen märktes tydligt vid utgivningen av Butterfly, som lanserades i samband med skilsmässan från Mottola 1997.
Carey lämnade Columbia år 2000 och skrev på ett kontrakt med Virgin Records värt 100 miljoner dollar. I samband med skådespelardebuten i filmen Glitter (2001) fick hon ett nervöst sammanbrott och fick läggas in på sjukhus på grund av utmattning och dehydrering. Glitter blev en kommersiell flopp och Carey tvingades lämna sitt skivbolag, något som ledde till en nedgång i karriären. År 2002 skrev hon på för Island Records och efter en mindre framgångsrik period återvände sångaren till toppen av försäljningslistorna med albumet The Emancipation of Mimi (2005). Skivans andra singel, We Belong Together, blev Careys mest framgångsrika under 00-talet och den utnämndes till "Song of the Decade" av Billboard. År 2009 återupptog hon skådespelarkarriären i filmen Precious; Carey hyllades för sin gestaltning och hon tilldelades priset "Breakthrough Performance Award" vid Palm Springs International Film Festival, samt nominerades till flera utmärkelser av Black Reel Awards och NAACP Image Awards.
Under sin karriär, som pågått över två årtionden, har Carey sålt över 250 miljoner skivor och hon rankas som en av världens bäst säljande musikartister. Vid World Music Awards 1998 korades hon till 1990-talets bäst säljande artist och hyllades även som millenniets bäst säljande kvinnliga artist 2000. Enligt Recording Industry Association of America är hon den tredje bäst säljande kvinnliga artisten i USA med 63.5 miljoner certifierade album. Efter utgivningen av singeln "Touch My Body" (2008) fick Carey sin artonde listetta i USA, vilket är fler än någon annan artist. Utöver sina kommersiella framgångar har Carey vunnit fem Grammy Awards, 17 World Music Awards, 11 American Music Awards och 31 Billboard Music Awards. Carey är i grunden en klassiskt skolad sopran. Hon är känd för sitt exceptionellt stora röstomfång och blivit välkänd för sitt så kallade wailande (improviserad koloratur). Carey har erhållit titeln "Songbird Supreme" av Guinness World Records. Hennes röst och sångstil har haft en betydande inverkan på många av dagens pop- och R&B-sångare.
Biografi
Tidiga år och motgångar (1970—1987)
Carey föddes i Huntington på Long Island i delstaten New York.
Efter separationen flyttade Alison med sin pappa medan de andra två barnen fortsatte att bo med sin mamma.
När Carey studerade i high school blev hon tillsammans med Gavin Christopher som delade hennes drömmar om att bli musiker. Låtskrivarduon behövde en assistent som kunde spela keyboard: "Vi ringde till en person som inte kunde komma. Av en slump hittade vi Ben
Karriärstart och debut (1988—1992)
Allteftersom Careys vänskap med Starr växte, ökade samtidigt hennes intresse för att hjälpa Carey.
Carey påbörjade arbete på sitt andra studioalbum Emotions 1991.
Liksom efter utgivningen av debuten, undrade kritiker om Carey skulle turnera för att marknadsföra sitt material.
Hennes första äktenskap, Music Box och Daydream (1993—1996)
Tidigt under 1993 började Carey arbeta på sitt tredje studioalbum Music Box.
Music Box tillbringade en längre period på toppen av albumlistor i flera länder och blev, efter en tid, en av de bäst säljande skivorna i värlshistorien med en internationellt försäljning på 32 miljoner exemplar.
Careys fjärde studioalbum, Daydream, släpptes 3 oktober 1995, och var en kombination av pop-influenserna från Music Box med långsammare inslag av R&B och hiphop.
Skilsmässa, ny image, Butterfly och Rainbow (1997—2000)
Efter utgivningen av Daydream och framgångarna som följde började Carey fokusera på sitt privatliv som föll samman.
Vid sekelskiftet började Carey arbeta på flera olika projekt.
Under våren 1999 började Carey arbeta på sitt sista album enligt skivkontraktet med Sony, hennes ex-makes skivbolag.
Glitter, Charmbracelet; personliga och professionella motgångar (2001—2004)
Efter att hon fick en Billboard Music Award med utmärkelsen "Artist of the Decade" och en World Music Award i kategorin "Best-Selling Female Artist of the Millennium" avbröt Carey sitt samarbete med Columbia och skrev på ett kontrakt värt 100 miljoner dollar med Virgin Records (EMI Records).
Den 26 juli samma år las hon abrupt in på sjukhus på grund av "extrem utmattning" och ett "fysiskt och mentalt sammanbrott".
2002 fick Carey en roll i independentfilmen WiseGirls och skådespelade tillsammans med Mira Sorvino och Melora Walters vilka spelade servitriser på en gangster-ägd restaurang. Filmen hade premiär på Sundance Film Festival och mottog mestadels negativ kritik. Trots detta prisades Careys gestaltning och Roger Friedman ansåg att hon var "nya millenniets Thelma Ritter" och skrev: "Hennes repliker flyter på och hon lyckas få publiken att skratta på alla rätt ställen."
Återvunnen popularitet med The Emancipation of Mimi (2005—2007)
Under 2004 fokuserade Carey på att skapa material till sitt tionde studioalbum, The Emancipation of Mimi (2005). Hon jobbade mest med Jermaine Dupri men även Bryan-Michael Cox, Manuel Seal, The Neptunes och Kanye West.
Den 25 september satte Carey ett ytterligare rekord när hon blev den första artisten att samtidigt ockupera de två högsta platserna på Hot 100-listan (R&B-sångaren Ashanti nådde samma bedrift redan 2002 men krediterades endast som en gästartist på andraplatsnoteringen). "We Belong Together" behöll förstaplatsen medan uppföljaren , "Shake It Off" intog platsen under.
För att marknadsföra skivan åkte sångaren ut på sin första turne på tre år; The Adventures of Mimi: The Voice, The Hits, The Tour. En live-DVD, The Adventures of Mimi, släpptes i november 2007.
E=MC², sitt andra äktenskap, Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel och skådespelargenombrott (2008—2010)
Under våren 2007 hade Carey börjat jobba på sitt elfte studioalbum, E=MC², i en privat villa i Anguilla.
E=MC² debuterade på förstaplatsen på Billboard 200 med 463.000 sålda exemplar; hennes högsta första veckas försäljning i sin karriär.
Den 20 januari 2009 framförde Carey "Hero" när Barack Obama mottog presidenttiteln i USA.
Under 2009 sågs hon som en socialarbetare i filmen Precious en tolkning av novellen Push (1996) av Sapphire. Filmen och Careys prestation, mottog övervägande positiv kritik av recensenter.
Merry Christmas II You och moderskap (2010—2011)
Efter inställningen av Angels Advocate meddelades att Carey skulle börja jobba på sitt trettonde studioalbum.
I maj 2010 avböjde Carey sin planerade roll i For Colored Girls, en filmatisering av pjäsen For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf och meddelade att hon istället skulle fokusera på sin hälsa.
Efter födseln avslöjade Cannon i en intervju med Billboard att Carey hade påbörjat sitt arbete på ett nytt album och att hon inspirerats av sina första två studioalbum.
I oktober 2011 meddelade Carey att hon återinspelat sin låt "All I Want for Christmas Is You" tillsammans med Justin Bieber till hans julalbum Under the Mistletoe.
American Idol, fortsatt filmkarriär och The Art of Letting Go (2012—framåt)
Den 1 mars 2012 deltog Carey i konserten Plot Your Escape vid New Yorks Gotham Hall med endast 50 biljetter tillgängliga att köpa.
I en intervju berättade Carey om sitt fjortonde studioalbum: "Jag samarbetar med mina favoritpersoner och mitt huvudmål är att inte följa någon särskild trend. Jag vill att skivan ska bli väl mottagen. Jag vill vara sann mot mig själv och musiken och göra mina fans glada."
Walmart avslöjade titeln på sångarens fjortonde album var The Art of Letting Go, vilket också bekräftades av Careys vän och samarbetspartner Jermaine Dupri. Skivan gavs ut i maj 2014 under namnet Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse.
Artisteri
Röst och musikalisk stil
Mariah Carey har ett röstomfång på fem oktaver
Kärlek är huvudämnet i majoriteten av Careys låttexter men hon har även skrivit om rasism, alienation, död, världssvält, och andlighet. Hon har sagt att mycket av hennes arbete är självbiografiskt men Time Magazine skrev: "Om Mariahs musik ändå hade all den drama som huserar i hennes privatliv. Hennes låtar består istället av sliskig och konstlad NutraSweet-soul. Hennes liv har passion och konflikter." Han noterade dock att efter varje album visade sångaren på mognad med musik som blommade och innehöll mera meningsfulla låttexter.
Careys musik består främst av elektroniska musikinstrument så som trummaskiner,
Influenser
Under sin barndom influerades Carey av Billie Holiday, Sarah Vaughan och R&B- och soul-sångare som Gladys Knight och Aretha Franklin.
Under Careys karriär har hennes sångstil och musikaliska stil samt hennes kommersiella framgångar jämförts med Whitney Houston, som Carey också omnämnt som influens.
Diskografi
- Mariah Carey (1990)
- Emotions (1991)
- Music Box (1993)
- Merry Christmas (1994)
- Daydream (1995)
- Butterfly (1997)
- Rainbow (1999)
- Glitter (2001)
- Charmbracelet (2002)
- The Emancipation of Mimi (2005)
- E=MC² (2008)
- Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel (2009)
- Merry Christmas II You (2010)
- Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse (2014)
Filmografi
- The Bachelor (1999)
- Glitter (2001)
- Wisegirls (2002)
- State Property 2 (2005)
- Tennessee (2007)
- Jiddra inte med Zohan (2008)
- Precious (2009)
- The Butler (2013)
Referenser
Noter
- ^ Nickson, Chris (2011). Mariah Carey Revisited: The Unauthorized Biography. St. Martin's Press. Sid. 8. ISBN 978-1-4299-4015-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=v7E72BESn3gC&pg=PA8
- ^ Shapiro, Marc (2001). Mariah Carey. ECW Press. Sid. 18. ISBN 978-1-55022-444-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=-52eG8YN4tAC&pg=PA18
- ^ McCann, Bob (2010). Encyclopedia of African American Actresses in Film and Television. McFarland. Sid. 69. ISBN 978-0-7864-5804-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=X7ZYsnTPIhwC&pg=PA69
- ^ Smith, Jessie Carney (2010). Encyclopedia of African American Popular Culture [Four Volumes]. ABC-CLIO. Sid. 242. ISBN 978-0-313-35797-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=10rEGSIItjgC&pg=PA242
- ^ Candelaria, Cordelia; García, Peter J.; Aldama, Arturo J. (2004). Encyclopedia of Latino Popular Culture. Greenwood Publishing Group. Sid. 107. ISBN 978-0-313-33210-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=STjcB_f7CVcC&pg=PA107
- ^ ”March 16, 1996: Mariah Carey, Boyz II Men's 'One Sweet Day' Makes History On Hot 100” (på engelska). Billboard. 16 mars 2014. http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/5937560/march-16-1996-mariah-carey-boyz-ii-mens-one-sweet-day-makes. Läst 25 april 2015.
- ^ Gamboa, Glenn (October 22, 2008). ”LI Music Hall of Fame recognizes local talent”. Newsday (New York / Long Island). http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/fanfare/li-music-hall-of-fame-recognizes-local-talent-1.884107. ”Born in Huntington, raised in Greenlawn.”
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 8
- ^ [a b c d e] Nickson 1998, s. 7 Originalcitat 1: "So later I was like, 'Well, where does this leave me? Am I a bad person?' You know. It's still not that common to be a multi-racial person, but I'm happy with the combination of things that I am."
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 8
- ^ ”Mariah Carey Biography”. The New York Times (The New York Times Company). http://movies.nytimes.com/person/10883/Mariah-Carey. Läst August 14, 2011.
- ^ ”Celebrity Central: Top 25 Celebrities: Mariah Carey”. People (Time Warner). http://www.people.com/people/mariah_carey. Läst August 14, 2011.
- ^ [a b c d e] Nickson 1998, s. 9
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 14 Originalcitat: "It's been difficult for me, moving around so much, having to grow up by myself... my parents divorced. And I always felt kind of different from everybody else in my neighborhoods. I was a different person ethnically. And sometimes, that can be a problem. If you look a certain way, everybody goes 'White girl', and I'd go, 'No, that's not what I am'."
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 10–11
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 13
- ^ [a b c d] Nickson 1998, s. 16
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 17
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 18
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 19
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 20
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 21
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 22
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 61
- ^ [a b c d] Nickson 1998, s. 25
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 26
- ^ [a b] Goodman, Fred (April 14, 1991). ”Pop Music; The Marketing Muscle Behind Mariah Carey”. http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/14/arts/pop-music-the-marketing-muscle-behind-mariah-carey.html. Läst August 14, 2011.
- ^ Italie, Hillel (August 18, 1990). ”Vocal Range lets Carey Soar to the Top”. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ivFRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=1m4DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6885,6109094&dq=mariah+carey+cinderella&hl=en. Läst August 18, 2011.
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 28–29
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 33
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 45
- ^ Landis, David (May 13, 1991). ”'Bathgate' Wait”. USA Today. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/56149786.html?dids=56149786:56149786&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+13%2C+1991&author=David+Landis&pub=USA+TODAY+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=`BATHGATE'+WAIT&pqatl=google. Läst August 14, 2011.
- ^ Bartha, Agatha (February 12, 1991). ”Major Grammy Winners”. Toronto Star. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/461628961.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+21%2C+1991&author=AP&pub=Toronto+Star&desc=Major+Grammy+winners&pqatl=google. Läst August 18, 2011.
- ^ ”Year Ends Well for Countries Hottest Stars”. Chicago Tribune. December 27, 1991. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/24482822.html?dids=24482822:24482822&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Dec+27%2C+1991&author=Jan+DeKnock.&pub=Chicago+Tribune+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=Year+ends+well+for+country%27s+hottest+stars&pqatl=google. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Harrington, Richard (January 1, 1992). ”1991's Chart-Toppers: Garth, Mariah & CC”. The Washington Post. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/washingtonpost/access/73919427.html?dids=73919427:73919427&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jan+01%2C+1992&author=Richard+Harrington&pub=The+Washington+Post+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&desc=1991%27s+Chart-Toppers%3A+Garth%2C+Mariah+%26+CC&pqatl=google. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ [a b] Cane, Clay (June 12, 2010). ”Mariah Celebrates Twenty Years”. Black Entertainment Television. http://www.bet.com/news/celebrities/2010/06/11/mariahtwenty.html. Läst August 15, 2010.
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 50–51
- ^ [a b c d e f] Nickson 1998, s. 52
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 53
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 58
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 59
- ^ [a b] ”Mariah Carey: Emotions” (på Japanese). Sony Music Entertainment Japan. http://www.sonymusic.co.jp/Music/International/Arch/SR/MariahCarey/SICP-8076/index.html. Läst March 19, 2011.
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 68
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 69
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 71
- ^ [a b c] Shapiro 2001, s. 70
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 72
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 77–78
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 79
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 80
- ^ [a b] ”RIAA Gold & Platinum > Mariah Carey”. Recording Industry Association of America. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=2&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&action=&title=&artist=mariah%20carey&format=ALBUM&debutLP=&category=&sex=&releaseDate=&requestNo=&type=&level=&label=&company=&certificationDate=&awardDescription=&catalogNo=&aSex=&rec_id=&charField=&gold=&platinum=&multiPlat=&level2=&certDate=&album=&id=&after=&before=&startMonth=1&endMonth=1&startYear=1958&endYear=2009&sort=Artist&perPage=25. Läst January 14, 2011.
- ^ [a b c] Williams, Chris (July 3, 2011). ”Mariah Carey's Music Box LP (1993) Revisited With Co-Writer Walter Afanasieff : Return To The Classics”. Soul Culture. http://www.soulculture.co.uk/features/interviews/mariah-careys-music-box-lp-1993-revisited-with-co-writer-walter-afanasieff-return-to-the-classics/. Läst July 14, 2011. Originalcitat: "The writing partnership that her and I had and I can't speak for her other songwriting partners, but if you could see us in the room I would hit a chord and play a little melody on the piano and she would say, 'Oh, that's nice,' and she would sing that melody and then she adds a little bit to it. I would then play it back and then she would say, 'Yea, that's good' so it instantly becomes this partnership where eventually she'll have a melody and then the melody would prompt her to start thinking about this feeling she wants to put into words. This would eventually become the theme of the song."
- ^ [a b] Shapiro 2001, s. 72–73
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 74
- ^ [a b] Shapiro 2001, s. 75
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 77
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 78
- ^ Wynn, Ron. ”Music Box > Overview”. AllMusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r186574. Läst August 17, 2010. Originalcitat: "It was wise for Carey to display other elements of her approach, but sometimes excessive spirit is preferable to an absence of passion."
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 102
- ^ ”Chartverfolgung/Carey, Mariah/Single” (på German). musicline.de PhonoNet. http://musicline.de/de/chartverfolgung_summary/artist/Carey%2CMariah/single?sort=entry. Läst January 21, 2010.
- ^ ”Mariah Carey – Without You” (på German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Hung Medien. http://austriancharts.at/showitem.asp?interpret=Mariah+Carey&titel=Without+You&cat=s. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 112
- ^ [a b] Shapiro 2001, s. 81
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 82
- ^ [a b] Shapiro 2001, s. 86–87
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 132
- ^ [a b c] Nickson 1998, s. 133
- ^ [a b] Frere-Jones, Sasha (April 6, 2006). ”Mariah Carey's Record-Breaking Career”. The New Yorker. http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2006/04/03/060403crmu_music. Läst November 10, 2011.
- ^ [a b] Thompson, Tom (April 19, 2008). ”Let the Yuel Duel Begin”. The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3648757/Let-the-yule-duel-begin.html. Läst May 10, 2011.
- ^ Hancox, Dan (November 26, 2010). ”Sounds of the Season”. The National. http://www.thenational.ae/arts-culture/music/sounds-of-the-season?pageCount=0. Läst December 10, 2010.
- ^ Greene, Andy. ”The Greatest Rock and Roll Christmas Songs”. Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/photos/the-greatest-rock-and-roll-christmas-songs-20101216/mariah-carey-all-i-want-for-christmas-is-you-0150435. Läst December 20, 2010.
- ^ ”Mariah Carey's 'All I Want For Christmas Is You' Is World's First Double Platinum Holiday Ringtone”. Legacy Recordings. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/mariah-careys-all-i-want-for-christmas-is-you-is-worlds-first-double-platinum-holiday-ringtone-79488972.html. Läst November 10, 2010.
- ^ McClure, Steve (August 5, 1995). The World's Number-Two Music Market Is No Afterthought. http://books.google.com/books?id=xwsEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA57&dq=mariah+carey+japanese&hl=en&ei=IvVbTOTmBcH48AbW69zlAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=mariah%20carey%20japanese&f=false. Läst August 15, 2010
- ^ ”RIAJ - Statistics - Other Data - List of Million-Certified Compact Discs by Year - 1994” (på Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. http://www.riaj.or.jp/data/others/million_list/1994.html. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ ”RIAJ - Statistics - Certification of Music Download - December 2008” (på Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. http://www.riaj.or.jp/data/others/chart/w090120_3.html. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 136–137
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 91
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 89
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 145
- ^ Trust, Gary (June 2, 2010). ”'20/20': Mariah Marks Milestone”. Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/957957/2020-vision-mariah-marks-milestone. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ McClure, Steve (January 27, 1996). ”Carey's Ubiquitous Japanese Success”. Billboard. http://books.google.com/books?id=7g4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA68&dq=mariah+carey+japanese&hl=en&ei=GvtbTIz9MsH-8Aazw4XYAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=book-thumbnail&resnum=5&ved=0CDUQ6wEwBA#. Läst October 20, 2010.
- ^ Sanneh, Kalefa (August 10, 2005). ”The Summer Buzz: Cicadas and Mariah Carey”. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/04/arts/music/04note.html. Läst August 14, 2011. Originalcitat: "..best cuts bring R&B candy-making to a new peak of textural refinement [...] Carey's songwriting has taken a leap forward and become more relaxed, sexier and less reliant on thudding clichés."
- ^ [a b c] Nickson 1998, s. 153
- ^ Speare, Aiden (January 30, 1996). ”Garth Brooks Refuses Trophy at American Music Awards”. The Post and Courier. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=_JFSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=7DYNAAAAIBAJ&pg=1353,4731300&dq=mariah+carey+american+music+awards&hl=en. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 95
- ^ [a b c] Shapiro 2001, s. 96
- ^ McClure, Steve (December 28, 1996). ”The Year in Japan”. Billboard. http://books.google.com/books?id=sQkEAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PA1&pg=PA62#v=onepage&q&f=false. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Sischy, Ingrid (September 20, 2007). ”Mariah Carey: The Naked Truth From The World's Biggest Diva”. Interview: sid. 156–165. Originalcitat: "It was '97 and I was leaving my marriage [to Tommy Mottola], which encompassed my life. I was writing the song 'Butterfly' wishing that that's what he would say to me. There's a part that goes, 'I have learned that beauty/has to flourish in the light/wild horses run unbridled/or their spirit dies/you have given me the courage/to be all that I can/and I truly feel ...[sings] and I truly feel your heart will lead you back to me when you're ready to land.' At that point I really believed that I was going to go back to the marriage – I didn't think I was going to leave forever. But then the things that happened to me during that time caused me to not go back. Had it been, 'Go be yourself, you've been with me since you were a kid, let's separate for a while,' I probably would've."
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 156
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 164
- ^ [a b] Nickson 1998, s. 157
- ^ Nickson 1998, s. 158–159
- ^ Tainen, Dave (September 16, 1997). ”Carey's 'Butterfly' Shows but Thin”. Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=YzkdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MC4EAAAAIBAJ&pg=6616,590422&dq=mariah+carey+breathy+voice&hl=en. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Demone, Larry (March 7, 1997). ”In Brief”. The Buffalo News. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=BN&p_theme=bn&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EAF9A6859F16A45&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Läst August 5, 2011.
- ^ Juzwiak, Rich (April 15, 2005). ”Mariah Carey - Butterly”. Slant Magazine. http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/mariah-carey-butterfly/330. Läst December 20, 2010.
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 104 Originalcitat: "I don't think that it's that much of a departure from what I've done in the past [...] It's not like I went psycho and thought I would be a rapper. Personally, this album is about doing whatever the hell I wanted to do."
- ^ [a b] Shapiro 2001, s. 101
- ^ [a b] Friedman, Roger (April 3, 2008). ”Mariah Carey's Biography”. Fox News Channel. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,205054,00.html. Läst August 6, 2011.
- ^ [a b c] Shapiro 2001, s. 102
- ^ Hoskyns, Barney (December 12, 1997). ”Mariah Carey - Butterfly”. Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/albumreviews/butterfly-19971030. Läst August 19, 2011. Originalcitat: "It's not as if Carey has totally dispensed with her old saccharine, Houston-style balladry [...] but the predominant mood of 'Butterfly' is one of coolly erotic reverie. [... Except "Outside" the album sounds] very 1997. [...] Carey has spread her wings and she's ready to fly."
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (April 12, 2008). ”((( Butterfly > Overview )))”. AllMusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r314312/review. Läst August 9, 2011.
- ^ [a b c] Shapiro 2001, s. 114
- ^ Haring, Bruce (April 16, 1998). ”VH! Display of Divas Makes Me Feel 'Natural'”. USA Today. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/28692993.html?dids=28692993:28692993&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Apr+16%2C+1998&author=Bruce+Haring&pub=USA+TODAY&desc=VH1+display+of+'Divas'+makes+all+feel+'Natural'&pqatl=google. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Rodman, Sarah (September 11, 2001). ”All That Litters, 'Glitter'”. Boston Herald. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/bostonherald/access/80313960.html?dids=80313960:80313960&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+11%2C+2001&author=SARAH+RODMAN&pub=Boston+Herald&desc=Music%3B+All+that+litters+`Glitter'%3B+Carey+displays+newfound+maturity+-+when+you+can+hear+her+among+the+guest+stars&pqatl=google. Läst February 5, 2011.
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 115
- ^ [a b c d] Shapiro 2001, s. 116
- ^ [a b c] Willis, Andrew (November 18, 1998). ”Higher and Higher”. Vibe. http://books.google.com/books?id=jisEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=Everybody+swung+it+like+I+didn't+want+to+put+something+out+because+I+wouldn't+accept+less+than+a+number+1+pop+single.+That's+not+even+true.+Like+I+didn't+want+to+'break+a+streak'&source=bl&ots=MLJyxyQfpM&sig=pQyEle8DiX5QDTlw1SE1g4GjpxY&hl=en&ei=LbqiTLO2NYGB8gaRqJzZCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CBcQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=Everybody%20swung%20it%20like%20I%20didn't%20want%20to%20put%20something%20out%20because%20I%20wouldn't%20accept%20less%20than%20a%20number%201%20pop%20single.%20That's%20not%20even%20true.%20Like%20I%20didn't%20want%20to%20'break%20a%20streak'&f=false. Läst August 14, 2011.
- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (August 31, 1998). ”Mariah Talks About Whitney Duet, Takes Stage With Jermaine Dupri And Da Brat”. MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1426947/19980831/carey_mariah.jhtml. Läst September 29, 2010.
- ^ Doughrey, James (December 14, 1998). ”Mariah and Whitney Team Up!”. Ebony. http://books.google.co.kr/books?id=GcQDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA60&dq=Mariah+and+I+got+along+very+great.+We+had+never+talked+and+never+sang+together+before.+We+just+had+a+chance+for+camaraderie,+singer-to-singer,+artist-to-artist,+that+kind+of+thing.+We+just+laughed+and+talked+and+laughed+and+talked+and+sang+in+between+that+...+It's+good+to+know+that+two+ladies+of+soul+can+still+be+friends.%22&hl=ko&ei=NIZNTsfZJ8acgQeLvczyBg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Mariah%20and%20I%20got%20along%20very%20great.%20We%20had%20never%20talked%20and%20never%20sang%20together%20before.%20We%20just%20had%20a%20chance%20for%20camaraderie%2C%20singer-to-singer%2C%20artist-to-artist%2C%20that%20kind%20of%20thing.%20We%20just%20laughed%20and%20talked%20and%20laughed%20and%20talked%20and%20sang%20in%20between%20that%20...%20It's%20good%20to%20know%20that%20two%20ladies%20of%20soul%20can%20still%20be%20friends.%22&f=false. Läst August 19, 2011. Originalcitat: "Mariah and I got along very great. We had never talked and never sang together before. We just had a chance for camaraderie, singer-to-singer, artist-to-artist, that kind of thing. We just laughed and talked and laughed and talked and sang in between that ... It's good to know that two ladies of soul and music can still be friends."
- ^ [a b] McClure, Steve (January 23, 1999). ”International News”. Billboard. http://books.google.co.kr/books?id=yg0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA49&dq=bodyguard+top+foreign+album&lr=&as_brr=0&as_pt=MAGAZINES&cd=5#v=onepage&q=bodyguard%20top%20foreign%20album&f=false. Läst October 3, 2010.
- ^ ”Mariah Carey: #1's”. Live Nation Entertainment. http://www.store.livenation.com/Product.aspx?cp=13281_25619_25593_25883_29557&pc=MUDD548. Läst August 24, 2010.
- ^ [a b] Shapiro 2001, s. 121
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 122
- ^ [a b] Shapiro 2001, s. 123
- ^ [a b c] Shapiro 2001, s. 133
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 134
- ^ [a b c] Shapiro 2001, s. 135 Originalcitat: "Basically, a lot of you know the political situation in my professional career is not positive. It's been really, really hard. I don't even know if this message is going to get to you because I don't know if they want you to hear this. I'm getting a lot of negative feedback from certain corporate people. But I am not willing to give up."
- ^ Graeme, Virtue (November 7, 1999). ”Rainbow: Mariah Carey (Columbia)”. Sunday Herald. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/smgpubs/access/70150818.html?dids=70150818:70150818&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Nov+07%2C+1999&author=Graeme+Virtue&pub=Sunday+Herald&desc=Rainbow+Mariah+Carey+(Columbia)+HHH&pqatl=google. Läst August 19, 2011. Originalcitat: "The album sees her impressively tottering between soul ballads and collaborations with R&B heavyweights like Snoop Doggy Dogg and Usher [...] It's a polished collection of pop-soul."
- ^ Linden, Amy (December 12, 1999). ”Mariah Carey 'Rainbow'”. Vibe. http://books.google.com/books?id=YCgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA260-IA6&dq=mariah+carey+rainbow&hl=en&ei=qyduTabsD8G4tgfdvezwDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=mariah%20carey%20rainbow&f=false. Läst March 6, 2011.
- ^ ”Winners of the World Music Awards”. Société des bains de mer de Monaco. http://web.archive.org/web/20001015144058/www.montecarloresort.com/awards/00/w00res00.htm. Läst August 18, 2010.
- ^ [a b c] ”EMI Drops Mariah Carey”. BBC News. January 31, 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/1777172.stm. Läst February 3, 2011.
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. ”((( Glitter > Overview )))”. AllMusic.com. http://allmusic.com/album/glitter-r544381. Läst February 21, 2011.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (July 26, 2001). ”Mariah Melts Down; Madonna Disappoints”. Fox News Channel. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,30577,00.html. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Davies, Hugh (July 28, 2001). ”Let Me Sort Myself Out, Singer Carey Tells Fans”. The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/07/28/wcarey28.xml. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ [a b] Gardner, Elysa (November 28, 2002). ”Mariah Carey, 'Standing Again'”. USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/dcovfri.htm. Läst August 19, 2011. Originalcitat: "I was with people who didn't really know me and I had no personal assistant. I'd do interviews all day long and get two hours of sleep a night, if that."
- ^ [a b c] Pareles, Jon (January 22, 2002). ”Record Label Pays Dearly To Dismiss Mariah Carey”. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/24/us/record-label-pays-dearly-to-dismiss-mariah-carey.html. Läst February 5, 2011.
- ^ [a b c] Vineyard, Jennifer (October 13, 2005). ”Mariah Carey Hospitalized For 'Extreme Exhaustion'”. MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1445424/mariah-carey-hospitalized.jhtml. Läst March 29, 2011. Originalcitat: "I'm trying to understand things in life right now and so I really don't feel that I should be doing music right now. What I'd like to do is just a take a little break or at least get one night of sleep without someone popping up about a video. All I really want is [to] just be me and that's what I should have done in the first place ... I don't say this much but guess what, I don't take care of myself."
- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (October 13, 2005). ”Mariah Carey Had 'Breakdown,' Her Publicist Says”. MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1445918/mariah-carey-had-breakdown.jhtml. Läst March 29, 2011.
- ^ [a b] Gardner, Elysa (September 9, 2001). ”Mystery Shadows Carey's Career, Pressures Linger After Singer's Breakdown”. USA Today. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/USAToday/access/77238866.html?dids=77238866:77238866&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Aug+09%2C+2001&author=Elysa+Gardner+and+Kelly+Carter&pub=USA+TODAY&desc=Mystery+shadows+Carey's+career+Pressures+linger+after+singer's+breakdown&pqatl=google. Läst June 16, 2011.
- ^ Hiatt, Brian (October 13, 2005). ”Mariah Carey Had 'Breakdown,' Her Publicist Says”. MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1445918/mariah-carey-had-breakdown.jhtml. Läst March 29, 2011.
- ^ Hutchinson, Bill (September 11, 2001). ”Delay May Dull Carey's 'Glitter'”. Daily News. http://articles.nydailynews.com/2001-08-07/news/18353379_1_pop-diva-mariah-carey-delayed-movie. Läst February 5, 2011.
- ^ Reynolds, Simon (January 26, 2010). ”Carey Blames 9/11 For 'Glitter' Flop”. Digital Spy. http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/news/a199302/carey-blames-911-for-glitter-flop.html. Läst April 13, 2011.
- ^ Patterson, Sylvia (March 17, 2000). ”Mariah Carey: Come in and Smell the Perfume”. The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2008/03/16/sv_mariahcarey.xml. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Johnson, Kevin C. (September 16, 2001). ”Mariah Carey's 'Glitter' is a Far Cry from Golden”. St. Louis Post-Dispatch. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SL&p_theme=sl&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EF07AA04681F07C&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Zwecker, Bill (January 22, 2002). ”Mariah Carries On With Record Deal, Recovery”. Chicago Sun-Times. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=CSTB&p_theme=cstb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0F115C6D597A4809&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Läst June 16, 2011.
- ^ Adams, Josh (February 6, 2006). ”The Fall and Rise of Mariah Carey”. BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/4690602.stm. Läst August 19, 2011. Originalcitat: "a complete and total stress-fest [...] I made a total snap decision which was based on money and I never make decisions based on money. I learned a big lesson from that."
- ^ Holson, Lisa (February 21, 2002). ”Mariah Carey And Universal Agree to Terms Of Record Deal”. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/09/business/mariah-carey-and-universal-agree-to-terms-of-record-deal.html. Läst August 19, 2011.
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- ^ Friedman, Roger (January 14, 2002). ”Mariah Makes Good in Mob Movie”. Fox News Channel. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,42928,00.html. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Willis, George (February 5, 2002). ”Safe To Say, Super Bowl Was One Major Success”. New York Post. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/nypost/access/105343986.html?dids=105343986:105343986&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Feb+05%2C+2002&author=George+Willis&pub=New+York+Post&desc=SAFE+TO+SAY%2C+SUPER+BOWL+WAS+ONE+MAJOR+SUCCESS&pqatl=google. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Anderman, Joan (September 10, 2003). ”For Carey, the Glory's Gone but the Glitter Lives On”. Boston Globe. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/403302181.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Sep+10%2C+2003&author=Joan+Anderman%2C+Globe+Staff&pub=Boston+Globe&desc=FOR+CAREY%2C+THE+GLORY'S+GONE+BUT+THE+GLITTER+LIVES+ON&pqatl=google. Läst August 19, 2011.
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- ^ ”Mariah's Malaysia Concert Ill-timed, Says Muslim Leader”. San Jose Mercury News. January 16, 2004. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=SJ&s_site=mercurynews&p_multi=SJ&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=1002404456D02378&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. Läst June 15, 2011.
- ^ ”Mariah Adds UK To World Tour”. BBC News. May 31, 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2932336.stm. Läst February 3, 2011.
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- ^ Sullivan, Caroline (April 1, 2005). ”Mariah Carey, The Emancipation of Mimi”. The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2005/apr/01/popandrock.shopping2. Läst August 19, 2011. Originalcitat: "...cool, focused and urban [... some of] the first Mariah Carey tunes in years which I wouldn't have to be paid to listen to again."
- ^ Gardner, Elysa (April 13, 2005). ”Mariah Rebounds, Garbage is Sweet, Will Smith Gets Lost”. USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/reviews/2005-04-11-listen-up_x.htm. Läst August 19, 2011. Originalcitat: "The ballads and midtempo numbers that truly reflect the renewed confidence of a songbird who has taken her shots and kept on flying."
- ^ ”Jermaine Dupri Wins R&B Song Grammy; Virgin Urban Music President Dupri Shares Songwriting Honors With Mariah Carey and So So Def/Virgin Artist Johnta Austin”. Business Wire. Berkshire Hathaway. April 16, 2006. http://business.highbeam.com/436102/article-1G1-141877770/jermaine-dupri-wins-rb-song-grammy-virgin-urban-music. Läst August 19, 2011.
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- ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (May 22, 2006). ”Mariah Carey Plots Mimi's Touring Adventure”. MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1532213/mariah-carey-plots-mimis-touring-adventure.jhtml. Läst August 18, 2011.
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- ^ Hoard, Christian (February 28, 2008). ”Mariah's E=MC2: A First Listen to Carey's Eleventh Studio Album”. Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/mariahs-e-mc2-a-first-listen-to-careys-eleventh-studio-album-20080228. Läst August 8, 2011.
- ^ [a b] Norris, John (October 20, 2003). ”Mariah: Remixes, Reunions and Russia”. MTV. http://www.mtv.com/bands/c/carey_mariah/news_feature_031009/. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ ”100 Greatest Dance Songs: 100–91”. Slant Magazine. April 25, 2006. Arkiverad från originalet den August 20, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060820164653/http://www.slantmagazine.com/iframes/dance_100/100_91.asp. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Cinquemani, Sal (November 11, 2005). ”Gem Carey”. Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,1048283,00.html. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Willis, Andrew (November 18, 1998). ”Cinderella Stroy”. Vibe. http://books.google.com/books?id=Wy0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA57&dq=knows+the+importance+of+mixes,+so+you+feel+like+you're+with+an+artist+who+appreciates+your+work%E2%80%94an+artist+who+wants+to+come+up+with+something+with+you&hl=en&ei=0oRPTs6aJMm1twfZkpGpBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=knows%20the%20importance%20of%20mixes%2C%20so%20you%20feel%20like%20you're%20with%20an%20artist%20who%20appreciates%20your%20work%E2%80%94an%20artist%20who%20wants%20to%20come%20up%20with%20something%20with%20you&f=false. Läst August 14, 2011.
- ^ [a b] Norent, Lynn (March 12, 1991). ”Not Another White Girl Trying to Sing Black”. Ebony. http://books.google.com/books?id=xcwDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA54&dq=Mariah+Carey:+'Not+another+White+girl+trying+to+sing+Black&hl=en&ei=AZZPTpG9Do6CtgfGnNSsBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Mariah%20Carey%3A%20'Not%20another%20White%20girl%20trying%20to%20sing%20Black&f=false. Läst August 19, 2011.
- ^ Shapiro 2001, s. 124.
- ^ Friedman, Roger (December 18, 2002). ”Mariah Calls, Whitney Falls”. Fox News Channel. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,73318,00.html. Läst April 25, 2009.
- ^ [a b c] Mulholland 2009, s. 57
Tryckta källor
- Appleman, Chris (1986). The Science of Vocal Pedagogy: Theory and Application. Indiana University Press. ISBN -0253351103
- James, Harold (1998). Guinness Rockopedia. Guinness Publishing Ltd. ISBN 0-85112-072-5
- Nickson, Chris (1998). Mariah Carey revisited. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 978-0-312-19512-0
- Peckham, Anne (2005). Vocal Workouts for the Contemporary Singer. Berklee Press. ISBN 0-87639-047-5
- Shapiro, Marc (2001). Mariah Carey: the unauthorized biography. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-444-3
- Mulholland, Garry (2003). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Music. Flame Tree Publishing. ISBN 1-904041-70-1
- Fred Bronson's Billboard Book of Number 1 Hits, 5th Edition (ISBN 0-8230-7677-6)
- Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Sixties (ISBN 0-89820-074-1)
- Joel Whitburn Presents the Billboard Hot 100 Charts: The Nineties (ISBN 0-89820-137-3)
- Additional information concerning Carey's chart history can be retrieved and verified in Billboard's online archive services and print editions of the magazine.
Externa länkar
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Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Mariah Carey.
- Mariah Carey, Officiell webbplats
- Twitter, Officiell twitter
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